How to Use Math in a Photography Career

Math is always a marketable skill, regardless of the career you go into, but especially in photography. While you can be a successful photographer without using math, math is necessary for basic photographic calculations as well as conducting day-to-day business.

Instructions

1

Use math techniques to calculate shutter speed and aperture openings, or F-stops. To do so, you will need to know the law of reciprocity, which addresses a change in F-stop to compensate for a certain shutter speed. For example, a sunny day could be shot at 1/125 shutter speed at f/5.6, 1/250 at f/4 or 1/60 at f/8, but each will yield different results, depending on the action in the photo. If something is moving quickly, the 1/250 at f/4 will catch the action, but focus on the foreground and lose the background. Meanwhile, the 1/60 at f/8 will blur the action, but catch the background. The faster the shutter speed, the smaller the aperture number. With each increase in shutter speed, the F-stop needs to be lowered by one stop. See the Resources below for more on shutter speed and aperture working together.

2

Use math to understand the inverse square law. The law states if a subject is moved twice as far away as it once was, it will need four times the amount of light to maintain the same settings. It can also be compensated for on your camera by moving your aperture two stops.

3

Use math for billing purposes. As a photographer, you will often be working independently or doing a lot of freelance work. You will need math to calculate your billing statements. See the Resources below for some invoice sites, which do the math for you, in case you're still mathematically challenged.

4

Use math to keep you independent. One of the hardest parts of being an independent contractor is keeping track of taxes owed. As a freelance photographer, you are responsible for tracking your taxes. Use math to keep your finances in order, so you are not caught off-guard when tax season rolls around.

---

Math is always a marketable skill, regardless of the career you go into, but especially in photography. While you can be a successful photographer without using math, math is necessary for basic photographic calculations as well as conducting day-to-day business.

Instructions

1

Use math techniques to calculate shutter speed and aperture openings, or F-stops. To do so, you will need to know the law of reciprocity, which addresses a change in F-stop to compensate for a certain shutter speed.

Enhance your photography skill,The Top Secret Photography Techniques

. For example, a sunny day could be shot at 1/125 shutter speed at f/5.6, 1/250 at f/4 or 1/60 at f/8, but each will yield different results, depending on the action in the photo. If something is moving quickly, the 1/250 at f/4 will catch the action, but focus on the foreground and lose the background. Meanwhile, the 1/60 at f/8 will blur the action, but catch the background. The faster the shutter speed, the smaller the aperture number. With each increase in shutter speed, the F-stop needs to be lowered by one stop. See the Resources below for more on shutter speed and aperture working together.
2

Use math to understand the inverse square law. The law states if a subject is moved twice as far away as it once was, it will need four times the amount of light to maintain the same settings. It can also be compensated for on your camera by moving your aperture two stops.

3

Use math for billing purposes. As a photographer, you will often be working independently or doing a lot of freelance work. You will need math to calculate your billing statements. See the Resources below for some invoice sites, which do the math for you, in case you're still mathematically challenged.

4

Use math to keep you independent. One of the hardest parts of being an independent contractor is keeping track of taxes owed. As a freelance photographer, you are responsible for tracking your taxes. Use math to keep your finances in order, so you are not caught off-guard when tax season rolls around.

---

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How to Add Plug-Ins to GIMP

Besides being free, one of the true advantages of GIMP is the ability to download and add plug-ins to modify your software. Like Firefox, GIMP is open source software, and therefore, users can create their own scripts or plug-ins and share those with other users. There is no charge to download plug-ins, although you do have to register if you want to upload a script or plug-in that you developed. Not all plug-ins are worth downloading, but there are thousands, and some will add outstanding functionality to your photo editing software. Read on to find out how to add plug-ins to your Mac.

Instructions

1

Download a plug-in that you like. You will find thousands at the GIMP Plug-In Registry page linked in Resources below. The tags will give you some idea of what the plug-in does. Plug-ins are designated by the .SCM file extension. Click on the plug-in link to find out more about the plug-in.

2




The detail page will tell you all about what the plug-in does, where it is located and how it is used. It also details the scripting engine used. GIMP uses two types of scripting engines: script-fu and python-fu. Most plug-ins are written in script-fu. Pay attention to the instructions. This plug-in will be found under the COLORS tab. Some will be found under the FILTERS tab or in other locations. Save the ATTACHMENT to download the plug-in.

3

The xxx .SCM file needs to be placed in the SCRIPTS folders. This can be found at //user/application support/gimp. All scripts are stored in this folder. If they are not placed in this folder the application will not be able to find them. Where they appear in the program is determined by the plug-in. Some will be under filters, colors or in other locations.

4




Once you download a script-fu plug-in, you would think they would all be located under the new SCRIPT-FU tab you now see on your toolbar. This is not necessarily the case. If they are a special effect or tool they will appear under this tab.

5




The script-fu Technicolor plug-in, which is displayed here, is a useful tool for CMY/RGB color control. This plug-in will be found under COLORS, not under the script-fu tab. This is clearly explained on the plug-in detail under Step 2, so make sure you read the details on each plug-in. GIMP has a lot of great plug-ins built into the core product; however, you can really expand your software and its capabilities by learning about and using plug-ins. Like Firefox, it makes a great application better through customization.

---

Besides being free, one of the true advantages of GIMP is the ability to download and add plug-ins to modify your software. Like Firefox, GIMP is open source software, and therefore, users can create their own scripts or plug-ins and share those with other users. There is no charge to download plug-ins, although you do have to register if you want to upload a script or plug-in that you developed. Not all plug-ins are worth downloading, but there are thousands, and some will add outstanding functionality to your photo editing software. Read on to find out how to add plug-ins to your Mac.

Instructions

1

Download a plug-in that you like. You will find thousands at the GIMP Plug-In Registry page linked in Resources below. The tags will give you some idea of what the plug-in does.

Enhance your photography skill,The Top Secret Photography Techniques

. Plug-ins are designated by the .SCM file extension. Click on the plug-in link to find out more about the plug-in.
2




The detail page will tell you all about what the plug-in does, where it is located and how it is used. It also details the scripting engine used. GIMP uses two types of scripting engines: script-fu and python-fu. Most plug-ins are written in script-fu. Pay attention to the instructions. This plug-in will be found under the COLORS tab. Some will be found under the FILTERS tab or in other locations. Save the ATTACHMENT to download the plug-in.

3

The xxx .SCM file needs to be placed in the SCRIPTS folders. This can be found at //user/application support/gimp. All scripts are stored in this folder. If they are not placed in this folder the application will not be able to find them. Where they appear in the program is determined by the plug-in. Some will be under filters, colors or in other locations.

4




Once you download a script-fu plug-in, you would think they would all be located under the new SCRIPT-FU tab you now see on your toolbar. This is not necessarily the case. If they are a special effect or tool they will appear under this tab.

5




The script-fu Technicolor plug-in, which is displayed here, is a useful tool for CMY/RGB color control. This plug-in will be found under COLORS, not under the script-fu tab. This is clearly explained on the plug-in detail under Step 2, so make sure you read the details on each plug-in. GIMP has a lot of great plug-ins built into the core product; however, you can really expand your software and its capabilities by learning about and using plug-ins. Like Firefox, it makes a great application better through customization.

---

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How to Apply Elementary Principles of Photography

Whether your camera is digital or uses film, taking great pictures requires some basic skills that everyone can learn. With today's camera options, most of us no longer need to worry about F-stops, light meters and ISO speeds, but we can all use some help get subjects into proper focus, eliminating red eye and getting the best photos possible from our cameras. Apply some simple fundamentals of photography, before you squeeze the shutter, to make your personal photos better every time.

Instructions

1

Investigate the automatic settings on your camera. Read the manual and note which settings are automatic and which ones the user can change on the fly. Download the camera manual's quick set-up guide from the manufacturer's website, if possible. Create a mini manual by copying or printing the pages that you will need most often. Keep this guide with your camera for quick reference.

2

Compose your pictures before you shoot. Evaluate focus, background and angles. Look at shapes, lines, patterns, textures, sizes and forms that can be emphasized in the photograph. These basic elements distinguish good photos from great photography.

3

Practice framing your photographs. Look for indicators on your camera's viewfinder that help you square up your photos more precisely. Lower the camera and look closely at the background and additional components of the setting that you can include or exclude. Repeat this framing procedure until you see the scene that you want to capture in your viewfinder.

4

Study the lighting on your subject and take photos from an angle that uses the light effectively. Avoid photo shots with a direct light source such as lamps behind the subject. Use the flash sparingly. Automatic flash settings on many cameras are the easiest to override. Turning off your flash is often a good idea and it will result in less red eye. It can give your photos a perspective that natural light can provide.

5

Use tools like zoom features as little as possible. Move farther way or closer to your subject instead. You will have more control over the finished result.

6

Stand still and take a deep breath, before pressing the shutter button. Expert photographers agree that all photographers must learn this technique. Not only does this reduce shutter shake, but it also gives you more control over framing. Press your elbows against your ribs first, then raise your camera and look into the viewfinder without moving your arms away from your body.

7

Subscribe by email or RSS to a photography newsletter to receive tips about techniques that professional photographers recommend for scenery, landscapes, sports and action, groups and portraits, the most common photo subjects.

---

Whether your camera is digital or uses film, taking great pictures requires some basic skills that everyone can learn. With today's camera options, most of us no longer need to worry about F-stops, light meters and ISO speeds, but we can all use some help get subjects into proper focus, eliminating red eye and getting the best photos possible from our cameras. Apply some simple fundamentals of photography, before you squeeze the shutter, to make your personal photos better every time.

Instructions

1

Investigate the automatic settings on your camera. Read the manual and note which settings are automatic and which ones the user can change on the fly. Download the camera manual's quick set-up guide from the manufacturer's website, if possible. Create a mini manual by copying or printing the pages that you will need most often. Keep this guide with your camera for quick reference.

2

Compose your pictures before you shoot. Evaluate focus, background and angles.

Enhance your photography skill,The Top Secret Photography Techniques

. Look at shapes, lines, patterns, textures, sizes and forms that can be emphasized in the photograph. These basic elements distinguish good photos from great photography.
3

Practice framing your photographs. Look for indicators on your camera's viewfinder that help you square up your photos more precisely. Lower the camera and look closely at the background and additional components of the setting that you can include or exclude. Repeat this framing procedure until you see the scene that you want to capture in your viewfinder.

4

Study the lighting on your subject and take photos from an angle that uses the light effectively. Avoid photo shots with a direct light source such as lamps behind the subject. Use the flash sparingly. Automatic flash settings on many cameras are the easiest to override. Turning off your flash is often a good idea and it will result in less red eye. It can give your photos a perspective that natural light can provide.

5

Use tools like zoom features as little as possible. Move farther way or closer to your subject instead. You will have more control over the finished result.

6

Stand still and take a deep breath, before pressing the shutter button. Expert photographers agree that all photographers must learn this technique. Not only does this reduce shutter shake, but it also gives you more control over framing. Press your elbows against your ribs first, then raise your camera and look into the viewfinder without moving your arms away from your body.

7

Subscribe by email or RSS to a photography newsletter to receive tips about techniques that professional photographers recommend for scenery, landscapes, sports and action, groups and portraits, the most common photo subjects.

---

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