Originally, when photographers set up their early camera equipment, they put dark clothes over their heads to keep the light out while the focused the image on a ground glass plate. The problem was, the image was upside down and reversed from left to right. The solution to this came in the camera prism.
History
Ansel Adams used a view camera. That is, he used a camera that consisted of a lens, bellows, focusing screen, film plates and a tripod. It was bulky and heavy, yet he carted it up and down the mountains of Yosemite National Park and the Sierras. All the time, he had to view an image that was upside down and reversed. This got a little better for other photographers with the introduction of the twin-lens reflex and single-lens reflex cameras, but Adams kept to his old standard.
Types
The twin-lens reflex camera has both a viewing lens and a taking lens, the former above the latter. The taking lens goes straight back to the film plane and, when the shutter is released, exposes a direct image, still upside down and reversed right to left. The viewing lens, however, which sends the image to a mirror then to a ground glass screen corrects the image top to bottom, but not right to left.
Significance
The single-lens reflex camera, primarily the 35mm-type, finally fixed the image by using a pentaprism. This is a five-sided prism that straights the image. This means that looking through the viewfinder shows the image exactly as it appears in real life. This makes viewing and composing a photographic scene easier and more efficient.
Effects
A single-lens reflex camera uses the same lens to view the scene as it does to take the photo. This is accomplished by use of a mirror behind the lens which flips up at the time of exposure. This mirror is at a 45-degree angle and sends the image from the lens up to the pentaprism where it is bounced to the top, then the front, then back to the eyepiece.
Considerations
The camera prism came in to wide use for SLRs by the 1960s and still is in general use today. Bigger similar prism began to be used on medium-format cameras such as the Hasselblad, Bronica, Mamiya and Pentax 645. It never became standard on the Hasselblad until the introduction of the digital model, the H1, but always was built-in to the Pentax 645.
Originally, when photographers set up their early camera equipment, they put dark clothes over their heads to keep the light out while the focused the image on a ground glass plate. The problem was, the image was upside down and reversed from left to right. The solution to this came in the camera prism.
History
Ansel Adams used a view camera. That is, he used a camera that consisted of a lens, bellows, focusing screen, film plates and a tripod. It was bulky and heavy, yet he carted it up and down the mountains of Yosemite National Park and the Sierras.
Enhance your photography skill,The Top Secret Photography Techniques
. All the time, he had to view an image that was upside down and reversed. This got a little better for other photographers with the introduction of the twin-lens reflex and single-lens reflex cameras, but Adams kept to his old standard.Types
The twin-lens reflex camera has both a viewing lens and a taking lens, the former above the latter. The taking lens goes straight back to the film plane and, when the shutter is released, exposes a direct image, still upside down and reversed right to left. The viewing lens, however, which sends the image to a mirror then to a ground glass screen corrects the image top to bottom, but not right to left.
Significance
The single-lens reflex camera, primarily the 35mm-type, finally fixed the image by using a pentaprism. This is a five-sided prism that straights the image. This means that looking through the viewfinder shows the image exactly as it appears in real life. This makes viewing and composing a photographic scene easier and more efficient.
Effects
A single-lens reflex camera uses the same lens to view the scene as it does to take the photo. This is accomplished by use of a mirror behind the lens which flips up at the time of exposure. This mirror is at a 45-degree angle and sends the image from the lens up to the pentaprism where it is bounced to the top, then the front, then back to the eyepiece.
Considerations
The camera prism came in to wide use for SLRs by the 1960s and still is in general use today. Bigger similar prism began to be used on medium-format cameras such as the Hasselblad, Bronica, Mamiya and Pentax 645. It never became standard on the Hasselblad until the introduction of the digital model, the H1, but always was built-in to the Pentax 645.
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A Girl of Many Colors
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Techmeme
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