Working with conventional silver-based film and paper photographs remains a satisfying and creative hobby even in the digital age. Black-and-white photography is well-suited to temporary or permanent home darkrooms, and chemicals for black-and-white are easily handled with room temperature processing. Darkroom technique is a mix of consistency and creativity, part of its ongoing appeal.
Film Processing
Developing film is the most critical aspect of darkroom work, as without a good negative, it is difficult to make a good print. Techniques for processing film should be repeatable so that consistent, known results can be achieved. Consider things like how you pour in chemicals, when you start your timer, how you agitate your film tank, and which chemistry you use and in what concentration. The goal is to remove variables from the process so that your results can be easily repeated.
Push Processing
There are both technical and aesthetic reasons for push-processing (developing your film longer to give the effect of more sensitivity to light). When shooting in low light, being able to push-process your film allows you to add one or more stops to the film speed, so that a 400 ASA film can be exposed as though it is 800 or 1600 ASA. Resulting prints will be increasingly lacking in shadow detail, the more you push. Grain will also be increased. Both of these, in turn, can be used as creative devices. Check the instructions of your film developer for push-processing instructions.
Paper Processing
Contemporary resin-coated papers are easy to develop, while retaining the magical effect of the image becoming visible before your eyes under a safe light. Even though paper is more forgiving than film, consistent handling remains an important part of mastering your own system. Paper handling, timing and agitation are variables to consider when processing photographic paper.
Toning
Toning prints has two major purposes: image permanence and image color. Contemporary materials have excellent nonfading properties, so the issue of image permanence is not the issue that it once was. Most darkroom hobbyists turn to toning as a creative tool. Sepia toning is the best known. Treatment gives an ordinary black-and-white photo a yellow-brown old-time look that perfectly suits some subjects. Selenium toning gives a colder, purple-blue tint. Multicolored toners are also available, offering red, blue and green tones and more.
Working with conventional silver-based film and paper photographs remains a satisfying and creative hobby even in the digital age. Black-and-white photography is well-suited to temporary or permanent home darkrooms, and chemicals for black-and-white are easily handled with room temperature processing. Darkroom technique is a mix of consistency and creativity, part of its ongoing appeal.
Film Processing
Developing film is the most critical aspect of darkroom work, as without a good negative, it is difficult to make a good print. Techniques for processing film should be repeatable so that consistent, known results can be achieved. Consider things like how you pour in chemicals, when you start your timer, how you agitate your film tank, and which chemistry you use and in what concentration. The goal is to remove variables from the process so that your results can be easily repeated.
Push Processing
There are both technical and aesthetic reasons for push-processing (developing your film longer to give the effect of more sensitivity to light). When shooting in low light, being able to push-process your film allows you to add one or more stops to the film speed, so that a 400 ASA film can be exposed as though it is 800 or 1600 ASA. Resulting prints will be increasingly lacking in shadow detail, the more you push. Grain will also be increased. Both of these, in turn, can be used as creative devices. Check the instructions of your film developer for push-processing instructions.
Paper Processing
Contemporary resin-coated papers are easy to develop, while retaining the magical effect of the image becoming visible before your eyes under a safe light. Even though paper is more forgiving than film, consistent handling remains an important part of mastering your own system. Paper handling, timing and agitation are variables to consider when processing photographic paper.
Toning
Toning prints has two major purposes: image permanence and image color. Contemporary materials have excellent nonfading properties, so the issue of image permanence is not the issue that it once was. Most darkroom hobbyists turn to toning as a creative tool. Sepia toning is the best known. Treatment gives an ordinary black-and-white photo a yellow-brown old-time look that perfectly suits some subjects. Selenium toning gives a colder, purple-blue tint. Multicolored toners are also available, offering red, blue and green tones and more.
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